How do scientists know the light has different colours? They use a specialized device known as a uv visible spectrometer! This is the visible light spectrum, which is the light that our eyes can see — through this very important tool. Visible light is a wider spectrum of colors, rather like a big rainbow, and each color sits at a different wavelength and frequency.
The colors in the visible light spectrum are arranged in a unique order. These include red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet. You may recognize these colors from a rainbow, which occurs when light refracts in water droplets high in the sky. Just as sunlight touches raindrops — it breaks into all these bright colors and there is a rainbow. And this is a beautiful sight that teaches us the magic of light!
If a material is red, it reflects red light and absorbs all the other colors. So, if you have something that appears red, it is due to the fact that it is allowing red light to return to your eyes while absorbing the other colors. But if a material absorbs every color of light and appears black, it does not reflect any visible light whatsoever. This is why black things generally feel hotter in the sun—because they absorb all colors of light, which means they absorb heat energy as well!
An object appears a given color because all of the wavelengths (or colors) of visible light are absorbed except for the one that is reflected back. For instance, when we see a red apple, it’s actually reflecting all the other colors of light except red. It is the red light that reflects back to our eyes, and that is why we see the apple red. This is true for a lot of different objects around us, and it makes sense with the realm of colors.
A spectrometer checks the light's brightness at various locations. For instance, they may want to determine whether a room is illuminated enough that people can see sufficiently well without straining their eyes. This matters in places such as classrooms, where an optimized lighting setup can help students learn more effectively. Scientists use light brightness to ensure spaces are comfortable and safe for everyone.
A ultraviolet and visible spectrophotometry can also tell us when materials are absorbing light. When a material absorbs light, it means that the material takes some of the energy from the light wave. This is because the material is opaque; light cannot pass through it at all. If you want an analogy: it’s like a wall that blocks out light!
The instrument used by scientists to identify which colors of light a material absorbs is called a spectrometer. This teaches them about what the material consists of and how it reacts when light strikes it. For example, let’s say, a scientist is studying a new type of fabric, and they want to use a spectrometer to see how different colors of light interact with the fabric. This information is very useful for various domains ranging from fashion to technology.
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